What is calculous prostatitis: why does it develop, how to determine it, treatment methods?

Calculous prostatitis is a rare form of the disease that requires specific treatment.Therefore, it is important to know how it occurs and what signs it is accompanied by.In this article you will learn about all the features of the disease.As well as methods of diagnosis and treatment.

Calculous prostatitis is characterized by an inflammatory process in which dense conglomerates form.That is, these are stones located in the prostate.They consist of elements that enter the male body.They arise in the secretion of the prostate against the background of chronic prostatitis and pathological disorders.

Causes

The cause of calculous prostatitis may be the following:

1. Infection of the genitourinary system.They can be diseases such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, ureaplasmosis, etc.In the process of reproduction and activation of pathological microorganisms, obstruction is observed in the ducts of the prostate gland, against the background of which the secretion acquires a thick, viscous structure.Thus, bacteria create a favorable environment for stone formation, and prostatoliths contribute to an increase in inflammatory processes, which causes the development of congestion in the prostate.
2. Stagnation of all processes in the gland, which occurs for various reasons: the presence of an adenoma (benign tumor) in the prostate, inactivity, the influence of unhealthy foods, abuse of alcoholic beverages, smoking.But most often the reason lies in the lack of a regular sex life, since in this case the glands cannot empty the stones normally, which is why stagnation occurs.
3. Urethro-prostatic reflux.In this disease, small doses of urinary fluid are thrown into the prostate during urination.As urine accumulates, crystallized salts are released that over time increase in size and thicken, turning into stones.Urethro-prostatic reflux develops due to injuries to the urethra, with prostatic atony, resection of the prostate, etc.
4. Disturbance of blood circulation in the pelvic organs also causes stagnation.
5. Frequent hypothermia of the body and genitals.
6. Failure to maintain personal hygiene causes an infection that leads to calculous prostatitis.
7. Old age.This is because a kind of layer of phosphoric acid and lime forms on the condensed epithelium and amyloid bodies.

The rock formations have a yellowish tint and a spherical shape.The minimum size of prostatoliths is 0.25 cm, the maximum is 0.4.They form singly or in multiples and are predominantly of the following types: phosphate stones, oxalate stones or urate stones.

Symptoms

The presence of prostatoliths in the prostate is indicated by the following signs:

• dull, aching pain in the perineum, groin, tailbone and scrotum;
• increased pain after physical activity, bowel movements, sexual intercourse, prolonged sitting in one position;
• sharp pain when urinating;
• jet intermittency;
• frequent need to retain urine;
• blood particles in urine and semen;
• premature ejaculation;
• weakening of power;
• increased body temperature;
• insomnia;
• decreased appetite;
• psychoemotional instability.

Stages of bacterial prostatitis.

• Primary or catarrhal.In the primary form, stones form in the acini or ducts of the prostate.The symptoms of the catarrhal type are mild, the signs resemble those of a cold.If you consult a urologist in a timely manner and start appropriate treatment, you will be able to get rid of the disease within a week.
• Secondary or follicular.In the secondary form, prostatoliths enter the organ from the kidneys, bladder and other elements of the body against the background of urolithiasis.The follicular type may develop after the untreated catarrhal type.The manifestations are acute, with an increase in body temperature and suppuration, the duration of treatment is long.
• Tertiary or parenchymal.In the tertiary form, the prostate parenchyma is affected, which is why it is called parenchyma (diffuse).It is the last stage of the acute course, in which the symptoms are very acute.A purulent exudate forms in the inflamed area.The treatment process is long, tolerance is difficult.

Possible complications of calculous prostatitis.

What are the complications of untreated calculous prostatitis?

• abscesses in the prostate due to the accumulation of purulent fluid in the tissues;
• intoxication of the body with purulent formations and further development of sepsis, leading to death;
• atrophy of the prostate and, as a result, impotence;
• vesiculitis in acute or chronic form, which is characterized by dilation of the blood vessels of the spermatic cord, which causes impotence and infertility;
• cystitis and urinary incontinence.

To avoid such consequences, when you notice the first signs, you should go to the clinic and undergo a complete examination.

How to relieve an attack at home?

For every sane person it is quite clear that during an attack it is necessary to call an ambulance.But before its arrival, you can take regular pain relievers.If you have propolis-based rectal suppositories in your home medicine cabinet, perform the appropriate procedure.Relieves pain and laxative tablets.

Which doctor is treating you?

A urologist (or andrologist) treats prostatitis in any way.Other highly specialized doctors are also involved in the process of diagnosis and selection of treatment tactics: nephrologists, infectious disease specialists and others, depending on the cause of stone formation.

Diagnosis

During the initial visit to the urology office, the doctor performs palpation and a visual examination, after which he or she takes a history.Lifestyle, the presence of certain pathologies and the nature of the symptoms that appear must be taken into account.The following diagnoses are carried out:

• collection of blood and urine for general analysis to identify the quantitative number of structural units (composition of biological fluids);
• collection of seminal fluid (sperm in the calculous type of prostatitis are characterized by an increased amount of epithelial tissue and amyloid bodies);
• the spermogram allows you to study the degree of motility and the number of sperm;
• prostate x-ray;
• ultrasound examination of the prostate;
• computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.

It is mandatory to draw blood to detect PSA, which makes it possible to identify a prostate-specific antigen (a kind of tumor marker for the prostate gland).

Treatment of calculous prostatitis.

The duration of therapy and the selection of therapeutic measures depend on the degree of neglect of the disease, as well as the form, cause of development and presence of complications.

Pharmacological treatment

1. Group of fluoroquinolones for the destruction of pathogenic microbes that most often cause prostatitis.These are antibiotics that easily cope with many pathogens.
2. Penicillin group of antibacterial agents.
3. Tetracycline group of antibiotics.However, tetracyclines have a large number of side effects, so they are prescribed less often than other groups.
4. Cephalosporins are used intramuscularly.
5. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs relieve pain and eliminate inflammation.
6. The patient must take vitamin complexes to strengthen the immune system.

surgical intervention

1. Transurethral electroresection allows you to remove stones and cauterize blood vessels.To do this, a high-frequency electrical current and a resectoscope are used, which is introduced through the urethral lumen.The operation is painless, but there is a possibility that particles of prostatoliths remain.
2. Ultrasound-guided transurethral surgery.Unlike the previous method.Thanks to the increased ultrasonic tracking, all stone formations are eliminated.
3. Strip prostatectomy (the stones are removed by cutting) and endoscopic (using an endoscope that is inserted into the prostate).Along with advanced stones, resection of the prostate, lymph nodes and seminal vesicles is performed.
4. Lithotripsy involves the use of a laser, which crushes the stones and they are then removed naturally.An endoscope is used for this.

Physiotherapy

• ultrasound exposure reduces the level of inflammation, relieves pain;
• laser therapy accelerates metabolic processes in the prostate and relieves discomfort;
• Magnetic therapy restores blood circulation and neutralizes swelling.

Massage normalizes the patency of the ducts, accelerates blood supply, which is considered effective for prostatitis, but is strictly prohibited for the calculous form.The reason is that prostatoliths can move throughout the body.

If you cannot attend physiotherapy procedures, you can perform them at home using special devices.But keep in mind that physiotherapy is effective only during remission: when prostatitis is in the acute phase, the use of devices is prohibited.

Diet therapy

A patient diagnosed with calculous prostatitis must follow a special diet, which is developed by a nutritionist on an individual level, depending on the severity of the pathology.

The basis of dietary nutrition is the avoidance of alcoholic and carbonated drinks, fried, smoked, salty and spicy foods.It is undesirable to use broths based on fatty meats, fish and mushrooms.From vegetables you will have to exclude horseradish, radish, garlic, cabbage, beans and onion.And other products that lead to the formation of gases.

therapeutic exercise

It is always used for prostatitis, but in the calculus form the exercise should be light to avoid movement of the stones.Gymnastics should stretch the muscles of the perineum.To do this, you can do the following exercises at a slow pace:

1. Stand in front of the chair and rest your hands on the backrest.Bring one leg to the side, raising it as high as possible.Lower the limb.The same actions are performed with the other leg.Number of approaches – 8-10.
2. Stand with your back to the chair and lean on it.Raise your legs to your stomach one by one, bending them at the knees.
3. Spread your legs wider than your shoulders, squat down and hold the position for a few seconds.Stand up.While doing the exercise, try to make elastic movements in the squat position.Repeat no more than 5 times.

Folk remedies

1. Eat between 25 and 30 raw pumpkin seeds every day, always on an empty stomach.
2. Herbal decoction.You will need an equal proportion of bare ostudnik and a black initial letter.Separate 1 tbsp.l.Herbs, pour 0.5 liters of "soaked" boiling water and let it brew.Take 100 mg 3 times a day half an hour before meals.
3. Prepare brown rosehip root according to the recipe indicated on the pharmacy package.Drink as tea three times a day.
4. Pour 2 tablespoons into a glass of boiling water.l.parsley seeds and simmer for 10-15 minutes over low heat.Leave for an hour.Drink one tablespoon up to 6 times a day.
5. Drink 600-1,000 ml of freshly squeezed asparagus juice daily.
6. Other natural juices are also useful: carrot, beet, cucumber.

Forecast

In the treatment of calculous prostatitis, conservative therapy is initially used, the result of which is usually favorable.In advanced forms and in the absence of positive dynamics of drug therapy, surgery is used.In this case the prognosis is also favorable.But special attention should be paid to the rehabilitation period to prevent infections and other complications.

Preventive measures

To prevent the development of the calculous type of prostatitis and prevent relapses, follow simple rules:

• eliminate bad habits;
• seek medical help immediately for any pathological disorder;
• strictly follow the instructions of the urologist;
• don't be too cold;
• to avoid infections, use condoms;
• Have an active sexual life with only one partner.